Examining Entrepreneurial Orientation Among Newbie Entrepreneurs in COVID Pandemic Era based on McClelland's Social Motives.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused many people to lose their jobs. Most laid-off people went into the informal sector, such as starting a small business. This research aims to examine the entrepreneurial orientation of the newbie entrepreneurs based on McClelland's classic theory of social motives and entrepreneurship. Only a few studies have been done on this subject, with Rasch Model Analysis to explain the research phenomenon. Multiple regression was used to validate the research hypotheses. The findings show that the need for achievement and the need for affiliation has a statistically significant direct impact on entrepreneurial orientation. On the other hand, a need for power directly impacts entrepreneurial orientation and has statistically declined. At the same time, the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for power directly impact entrepreneurial orientation simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]