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Selected Factors of Vascular Changes: The Potential Pathological Processes Underlying Primary Headaches in Children.
- Source :
- Children; Nov2022, Vol. 9 Issue 11, p1660, 10p
- Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Background: The prevalence, social consequences and complicated pathogenesis make headaches in children a significant clinical issue. Studies in adults suggest that primary headaches could be the first sign of atherosclerosis and platelet aggregation. Aim: To analyze the blood levels of selected biomarkers of vascular changes potentially associated with a higher risk of atherosclerosis in children with primary headaches. Methods: The medical family history, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), soluble CD40 ligands (sCD40L), endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI I), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and intima-media thickness (IMT) measurements were performed in the 83 children (52 with primary headaches, 31 controls). Selected factors were compared with basic laboratory parameters that are potentially related to atherosclerosis: C-reactive protein (CRP) and lipid concentration. Results: There were no significant differences in biomarkers of vascular changes in the study group and controls in general. In the study group, boys had a higher BDNF level than girls (p = 0.046). Normal-weight migraine patients had significantly higher PAI-I levels than controls (p = 0.034). A positive correlation between PAI-1 and triglycerides (TG) was observed. IMT did not differ between children with primary headaches and controls; however, IMT showed a positive correlation with BMI z-score and TG. Children with headaches had, more often, a positive family history of cardiovascular disease (p = 0.049). Conclusions: There were no clear clinical changes indicative of atherosclerosis in the study population. However, some trends are visible. Primary headaches are more often related to a family history of cardiovascular diseases. IMT is associated with TG levels and BMI z-score. The measured biomarkers of vascular changes show mutual relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- ATHEROSCLEROSIS risk factors
BIOMARKERS
C-reactive protein
BLOOD vessels
HEALTH outcome assessment
MANN Whitney U Test
RISK assessment
HYPERLIPIDEMIA
SEX distribution
COMPARATIVE studies
ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
RESEARCH funding
HEADACHE
BRAIN-derived neurotrophic factor
PLASMINOGEN activators
VASCULAR endothelial growth factors
BODY mass index
STATISTICAL correlation
DATA analysis software
LONGITUDINAL method
FAMILY history (Medicine)
LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
LIPIDS
CHILDREN
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 22279067
- Volume :
- 9
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Children
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 162337377
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/children9111660