Between mneme and anamnesis: on the memory and forgetting of the Roma Holocaust.

The article argues that what is usually called 'Roma memory of the Holocaust' needs to be differentiated into four types, depending on the combination of two modes (mneme and anamnesis) and two genealogies of memory (bottom-up and top-down). The first type is memory unconsciously encoded in culture; the second emerges due to the unblocking of memories by external factors; the third refers to the construction of memories by the Roma movement; and the fourth accounts for individual management of memory. These types correspond with four different aspects of Roma identity: cultural (substance), social (relation), historical (process), and individual (choice). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]