Will bidirectional FDI impact industrial electricity efficiency in China?

Both "dual cycle" and "carbon neutral" policies have been implemented as national strategies in China. But will "dual cycle" policy help carbon neutral policy and how do "dual cycle" policy affect carbon neutral policy? This paper investigates whether unbalanced bidirectional foreign direct investment (FDI) hinders electricity efficiency. To do so, it uses the super slack-based version of the global Malmquist–Luenberger index to measure electricity efficiency in 30 provinces from 2001 to 2020. This paper uses panel threshold regression model, finds out that bidirectional FDI below 1.7174 will positively impact electricity efficiency, but the positive effects disappear when bidirectional FDI exceeds 1.7174. Thus, balanced bidirectional FDI in province is required to enhance electricity efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]