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Subjective Impairments in Olfaction and Cognition Predict Dissociated Behavioral Outcomes.
- Source :
- Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences & Social Sciences; Jan2023, Vol. 78 Issue 1, p1-9, 9p
- Publication Year :
- 2023
-
Abstract
- Background Self-rated subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and subjective olfactory impairment (SOI) are associated with objective cognitive decline and dementia. However, their relationship and co-occurrence is unknown. We aimed to (a) describe the occurrence of SOI, SCD and their overlap in the general population; (b) compare SOI and SCD in terms of longitudinal associations with corresponding objective olfactory and cognitive measures; and (c) describe how SOI and SCD may lead to distinct sensory and cognitive outcomes. Methods Cognitively unimpaired individuals from the third wave of the Swedish population-based Betula study (n = 784, aged 35–90 years; 51% females) were split into self-rated SOI, SCD, overlapping SCD + SOI, and controls. Between-subject and within-subject repeated-measures MANCOVA were used to compare the groups regarding odor identification, cognition, age, sex, and education. Spearman correlation was used to assess the different patterns of association between olfaction and cognition across groups. Results SOI was present in 21.1%, whereas SCD was present in 9.9% of participants. According to a chi-square analysis, the SCD + SOI overlap (2.7%) is on a level that could be expected if the phenomena were independent. Odor identification in SOI showed decline at the 10-year follow-up (n = 284) and was positively associated with cognition. The SOI and SCD groups showed distinct cognitive-olfactory profiles at follow-up. Conclusions SOI occur independently of SCD in the population, and these risk factors are associated with different cognitive and olfactory outcomes. The biological causes underlying SOI and SCD, as well as the risk for future cognitive impairment, need further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- COGNITION disorder risk factors
COGNITION disorders
STATISTICS
EXECUTIVE function
MEMORY
MULTIVARIATE analysis
AGE distribution
CASE-control method
COGNITION
SEX distribution
PSYCHOLOGICAL tests
SMELL disorders
REPEATED measures design
ANALYSIS of covariance
CHI-squared test
SMELL
QUESTIONNAIRES
RESEARCH funding
DATA analysis
EDUCATIONAL attainment
INTELLIGENCE tests
DISEASE risk factors
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 10795014
- Volume :
- 78
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences & Social Sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 161878278
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac124