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Epidemiology and Outcomes of Hypernatraemia in Patients with COVID-19—A Territory-Wide Study in Hong Kong.
- Source :
- Journal of Clinical Medicine; Feb2023, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p1042, 15p
- Publication Year :
- 2023
-
Abstract
- Background: Dysnatraemias are commonly reported in COVID-19. However, the clinical epidemiology of hypernatraemia and its impact on clinical outcomes in relation to different variants of SARS-CoV-2, especially the prevailing Omicron variant, remain unclear. Methods: This was a territory-wide retrospective study to investigate the clinical epidemiology and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypernatraemia at presentation during the period from 1 January 2020 to 31 March 2022. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Key secondary outcomes included rates of hospitalization and ICU admission, and costs of hospitalization. Results: In this study, 53,415 adult COVID-19 patients were included for analysis. Hypernatraemia was observed in 2688 (5.0%) patients at presentation, of which most cases (99.2%) occurred during the local "5th wave" dominated by the Omicron BA.2 variant. Risk factors for hypernatraemia at presentation included age, institutionalization, congestive heart failure, dementia, higher SARS-CoV-2 Ct value, white cell count, C-reactive protein and lower eGFR and albumin levels (p < 0.001 for all). Patients with hypernatraemia showed significantly higher 30-day mortality (32.0% vs. 5.7%, p < 0.001) and longer lengths of stay (12.9 ± 10.9 vs. 11.5 ± 12.1 days, p < 0.001) compared with those with normonatraemia. Multivariate analysis revealed hypernatraemia at presentation as an independent predictor for 30-day mortality (aHR 1.32, 95% CI 1.14–1.53, p < 0.001) and prolonged hospital stays (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.17–2.05, p = 0.002). Conclusions: Hypernatraemia is common among COVID-19 patients, especially among institutionalized older adults with cognitive impairment and other comorbidities during large-scale outbreaks during the Omicron era. Hypernatraemia is associated with unfavourable outcomes and increased healthcare utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant
SARS-CoV-2
EPIDEMIOLOGY
CLINICAL epidemiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20770383
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 161858723
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031042