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Update of Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transmission in France: Zero Transmission for 5482 Mothers on Continuous Antiretroviral Therapy From Conception and With Undetectable Viral Load at Delivery.
- Source :
- Clinical Infectious Diseases; 2/1/2023, Vol. 76 Issue 3, pe590-e598, 9p
- Publication Year :
- 2023
-
Abstract
- Background Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is remarkably effective in preventing perinatal transmission (PT) of HIV-1. We evaluated the PT rate in a population of women with widespread access to ART before conception. Methods The analysis included 14 630 women with HIV-1 who delivered from 2000 to 2017 at centers participating in the nationwide prospective multicenter French Perinatal Cohort (ANRS-EPF). PT was analyzed according to time period, timing of ART initiation, maternal plasma viral load (pVL), and gestational age at birth. No infants were breastfed, and all received neonatal prophylaxis. Results PT decreased between 3 periods, from 1.1% in 2000–2005 (58/5123) to 0.7% in 2006–2010 (30/4600) and to 0.2% in 2011–2017 (10/4907; P <.001). Restriction of the analysis to the 6316/14 630 (43%) women on ART at conception, PT decreased from 0.42% (6/1434) in 2000–2005 to 0.03% (1/3117) in 2011–2017 (P =.007). Among women treated at conception, if maternal pVL was undetectable near delivery, no PT was observed regardless of the ART combination [95%CI 0-0.07] (0/5482). Among women who started ART during pregnancy and with undetectable pVL near delivery, PT was 0.57% [95%CI 0.37-0.83] (26/4596). Among women treated at conception but with a detectable pVL near delivery, PT was 1.08% [95%CI 0.49-2.04] (9/834). We also qualitatively described 10 cases of transmission that occurred during the 2011–2017 period. Conclusions In a setting with free access to ART, monthly pVL assessment, infant ART prophylaxis, and in the absence of breastfeeding, suppressive ART initiated before pregnancy and continued throughout pregnancy can reduce PT of HIV to almost zero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- HIV prevention
RESEARCH
HEALTH services accessibility
CONFIDENCE intervals
CONCEPTION
VIRAL load
GESTATIONAL age
HIGHLY active antiretroviral therapy
PRE-exposure prophylaxis
TREATMENT effectiveness
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
VERTICAL transmission (Communicable diseases)
LONGITUDINAL method
PREGNANCY
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 10584838
- Volume :
- 76
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Clinical Infectious Diseases
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 161829811
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciac703