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Uranium and Fluoride Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Biochar: A Critical Review for Understanding the Role of Feedstock Types, Mechanisms, and Modification Methods.
- Source :
- Water (20734441); Dec2022, Vol. 14 Issue 24, p4063, 34p
- Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Uranium (U) and fluoride (F<superscript>−</superscript>) are the major global geogenic contaminants in aquifers and pose serious health issues. Biochar, a potential adsorbent, has been widely applied to remediate geogenic and anthropogenic contaminants. However, there is a lack of research progress in understanding the role of different feedstock types, modifications, adsorption mechanisms on physico-chemical properties of biochar, and factors affecting the adsorption of U and F<superscript>−</superscript> from aqueous solution. To fill this lacuna, the present review gives insight into the U and F<superscript>−</superscript> removal from aqueous solution utilizing biochar from various feedstocks. Feedstock type, pyrolysis temperature, modifications, solution pH, surface area, and surface-charge-influenced biochar adsorption capacities have been discussed in detail. Major feedstock types that facilitated U and F<superscript>−</superscript> adsorption were crop residues/agricultural waste, softwood, grasses, and animal manure. Low-to-medium pyrolyzing temperature yielded better biochar properties for U and F<superscript>−</superscript> adsorption. Effective modification techniques were mainly acidic and magnetic for U adsorption, while metal oxides, hydroxides, alkali, and magnetic modification were favourable for F<superscript>−</superscript> adsorption. The major mechanisms of U adsorption were an electrostatic attraction and surface complexation, while for F<superscript>−</superscript> adsorption, the major mechanisms were ion exchange and electrostatic attraction. Lastly, the limitations and challenges of using biochar have also been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20734441
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 24
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Water (20734441)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 161039052
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/w14244063