Simple synthesis of barium titanate ceramics with controllable grain size.

The barium titanate ceramics (BaTiO₃) are the key components of the multilayer ceramics capacitors (MLCCs). For a long time, huge efforts have been devoted to achieving the fine-grained BaTiO₃ ceramics to satisfy the miniaturization and high integration of electronic devices. However, the controllable grain size which is particularly crucial to regulate the BDS, permittivity and dielectric loss has gained little attention. With the target of achieving the micro–nano-BaTiO₃ ceramics with different sizes controllably, we prepare them via a self-assembly sintering method. By giving the size of the BaTiO₃ powders and the combination way, the binary particle size self-assembly sintering method can controllably synthesize the ceramics with different grain sizes. When the powders combination is 400 nm + 80 nm, the relative density of the ceramics with grain size 450 nm is 92%. As the powders combination is 500 nm + 80 nm, the relative density of the ceramic with grain size 540 nm is 91%. When the ternary and quaternary particle size self-assembly sintering method is used to synthesize the ceramics, the relative density of the ceramics can be increased, but the controllability of the grain size has been reduced. The relative densities of the ceramics obtained by the ternary and quaternary systems were 95% and 96%, respectively, and the grain sizes of the ceramics were 610 nm and 676 nm, respectively. Therefore, the use of binary particle size self-assembly sintering method is beneficial to synthesize the micro–nano-BaTiO₃ ceramics controllably. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]