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The influencing factors of health hazards of benzo[a]pyrene in cigarette mainstream smoke: The example of one brand in Beijing.
- Source :
- Tobacco Induced Diseases; Sep2022, Vol. 20, p1-10, 10p
- Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- INTRODUCTION The study focused on the influence of tar concentrations, smoking regimen, and smoking behavior, on benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) emission from cigarette mainstream smoke and related health hazards to determine the key factors influencing B[a]P reduction and protection of the smoker's health. METHODS A locally popular brand of cigarettes in Beijing was selected with tar concentrations of 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, and 11 mg/cigarette. Two different machine smoking regimens, the Canada Intense (HCI) regimen and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) regimen, were adopted to collect the cigarette mainstream smoke. The B[a]P emission concentrations were then measured by gas chromatography and mass spectrum. RESULTS The average B[a]P emission was 8.14--17.6 ng/cigarette for the HCI regimen and 0.92--3.46 ng/cigarette for the ISO regimen. As expected, the tar concentrations and B[a]P emissions exhibited a positive relation in both the HCI and ISO regimens, the cancer risk and non-cancer risk increased with an increase in tar concentrations for both the ISO and HCI regimens, and the smoking behavior also affected the B[a]P emissions with a tendency of VB (ventilation blocking) > HVB (half ventilation blocking) > DP (deep puff), under the same smoking regimen. Under the same conditions, the cancer risk and non-cancer risk in men were 1.19 and 1.11 times, respectively, higher than in women. CONCLUSIONS The smoking regimen influences the B[a]P emission relatively more than the cigarette tar concentration and smoking behavior. The cancer risk and non-cancer risk are higher in men than in women that possibly due to longer smoking duration and greater smoking intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20707266
- Volume :
- 20
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Tobacco Induced Diseases
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 159462397
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/152419