RIFERIMENTI E FOLLOW UP LETTERARI NEI TESTI DEL RAP POLACCO.

For the first time, in this paper, the topic of the relationship between Polish rap music and literature, which is actually very strong, is compared. Immediately after the fall of communism (1989) poetry stopped being seen as a primary necessity good in Poland, but the role of literature (literaturocentryzm) is still very important and maintains central itself also in the frame of rap and youth (sub)cultures. There are several ways Polish rap uses literature and poetry within its tracks, the simple recall to single authors and works, whole citations of poems, the direct or indirect quote of lines or sentences, i.e. follow up. Follow up is therefore a direct or indirect reference to another work, a typical component of intertextuality of rap. The first Polish rap singers and crews, such as Kaliber 44 and Paktofonika, all coming from Silesia, insert into their texts lots of references to Polish romanticism. The number "44" from the same name of the group, e.g., comes from Mickiewicz's Dziady. After the rapper Łona in 2004 uses Żeromski's szklane domy (glass houses) from the book Przedwiośnie (1924) in order to report the loneliness of contemporary human beings, the references to literature and poetry from the 20th century become more and more frequent. In 2008-2009 there were the publications of albums (Rymy częstochowskie, Poeci) entirely made of rap versions from famous poems, and follow up becomes something natural and necessary ("No rap without follow up" sings the Polish rapper Tede in his song Follow up, 2009). The most famous Polish rappers from these last years, Taco Hemingway and Mata, also share a common inclination towards contemporary poetry and literature, Polish or beyond. Taco's songs are often compared to lyrics from the Skamander movement, in particular from Tuwim's poems, whereas Mata moves between the holy Bible and Harry Potter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]