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Digital Pregnancy Test Powered by an Air-Breathing Paper-Based Microfluidic Fuel Cell Stack Using Human Urine as Fuel.
- Source :
- Sensors (14248220); Sep2022, Vol. 22 Issue 17, p6641, 12p
- Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- The direct integration of paper-based microfluidic fuel cells (μFC's) toward creating autonomous lateral flow assays has attracted attention. Here, we show that an air-breathing paper-based μFC could be used as a power supply in pregnancy tests by oxidizing the human urine used for the diagnosis. We present an air-breathing paper-based μFC connected to a pregnancy test, and for the first time, as far as we know, it is powered by human urine without needing any external electrolyte. It uses TiO 2 -Ni as anode and Pt/C as cathode; the performance shows a maximum value of voltage and current and power densities of ∼0.96 V, 1.00 mA cm − 2 , and 0.23 mW cm − 2 , respectively. Furthermore, we present a simple design of a paper-based μFC's stack powered with urine that shows a maximum voltage and maximum current and power densities of ∼1.89 V, 2.77 mA cm − 2 and 1.38 mW cm − 2 , respectively, which powers the display of a pregnancy test allowing to see the analysis results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14248220
- Volume :
- 22
- Issue :
- 17
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Sensors (14248220)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 159033695
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/s22176641