Structures, Spectra, Morphologies, and Magnetic Properties of Pr3+-Substituted Ba Hexaferrites.

Pr-doped M-type barium ferrite with a composition of Ba_1−xPr_xFe₁₂O₁₉ (0.00 < x < 0.25) was prepared via solid-state sintering combined with high-energy ball milling. The structures, spectra, morphologies, and magnetic properties of Pr³⁺-substituted Ba hexaferrites were analyzed herein. Under high-energy ball milling, the material produces crystal vacancy defects for elemental doping. The X-ray diffraction results showed that the hexagonal crystal structure was affected when the Pr content (x) was > 0.20. The GSAS refinement results show that the synthesized samples were good. The scanning electron microscopy results and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra of the tetrahedral and octahedral sites (FT-IR result of the Fe–O bond = 601 and 448 cm⁻¹ peaks, respectively) of the prepared material proved the formation of a hexagonal crystal structure. The magnetic properties of the samples were measured using a vibrating sample magnetometer at room temperature, and the obtained results demonstrated that the coercivity increased with an increase in the doping amount (from 3815.03 at x = 0 to 4600.56 kOe at x = 0.25). At the same time, the saturation magnetization maintained its high value (> 72.568 emu/g), which is beneficial for preparing permanent magnets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]