Towards a Comparative Approach to the Vitality of Language Communities in France: The Case of Breton and Arabic in Brittany.

To revitalize a language is to increase its number of active users[2] and to strengthen its presence in a given society, which has been the goal of many regional language communities in Europe, especially in France within the Breton, Basque and Catalan communities, among others. Much of the previous research conducted on the RMLs of France concentrated on regional I or i minority languages, yet government and policy conversations tend to use blanket terms to refer to all languages other than French. The concepts of vitality and resilience have long been pertinent in research dealing with the regional and minority languages (RMLs) of Europe, and further evidence of this has surfaced in relation to the current pandemic. [Extracted from the article]