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Changes in Sensitization Patterns in the Last 25 Years in 619 Patients with Confirmed Diagnoses of Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions to Beta-Lactams.

Authors :
Campanón Toro, María del Valle
Moreno Rodilla, Esther
Gallardo Higueras, Alicia
Laffond Yges, Elena
Muñoz Bellido, Francisco J.
Gracia Bara, María Teresa
Martin García, Cristina
Moreno Rodilla, Vidal
Macías Iglesias, Eva M.
Arriba Méndez, Sonia
Sobrino García, Miriam
Dávila, Ignacio
Source :
Biomedicines; Jul2022, Vol. 10 Issue 7, pN.PAG-N.PAG, 13p
Publication Year :
2022

Abstract

Beta-lactam (BL) drugs are the antibiotics most prescribed worldwide due to their broad spectrum of action. They are also the most frequently implied in hypersensitivity reactions with a known specific immunological mechanism. Since the commercialization of benzylpenicillin, allergic reactions have been described; over the years, other new BL drugs provided alternative treatments to penicillin, and amoxicillin is now the most prescribed BL in Europe. Diagnosis of BL allergy is mainly based on skin tests and drug provocation tests, defining different sensitization patterns or phenotypes. In this study, we evaluated 619 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of BL-immediate allergy during the last 25 years, using the same diagnostic procedures with minor adaptations to the successive guidelines. The initial eliciting drug was benzylpenicillin, which changed to amoxicillin with or without clavulanic acid and cephalosporins in recent years. In skin tests, we found a decrease in sensitivity to major and minor penicillin determinants and an increase in sensitivity to amoxicillin and others; this might reflect that the changes in prescription could have influenced the sensitization patterns, thus increasing the incidence of specific reactions to side-chain selective reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
22279059
Volume :
10
Issue :
7
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
Biomedicines
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
158212205
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071535