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Modest volcanic SO2 emissions from the Indonesian archipelago.
- Source :
- Nature Communications; 6/11/2022, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p1-15, 15p
- Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Indonesia hosts the largest number of active volcanoes, several of which are renowned for climate-changing historical eruptions. This pedigree might suggest a substantial fraction of global volcanic sulfur emissions from Indonesia and are intrinsically driven by sulfur-rich magmas. However, a paucity of observations has hampered evaluation of these points—many volcanoes have hitherto not been subject to emissions measurements. Here we report new gas measurements from Indonesian volcanoes. The combined SO<subscript>2</subscript> output amounts to 1.15 ± 0.48 Tg/yr. We estimate an additional time-averaged SO<subscript>2</subscript> yield of 0.12-0.54 Tg/yr for explosive eruptions, indicating a total SO<subscript>2</subscript> inventory of 1.27-1.69 Tg/yr for Indonesian. This is comparatively modest—individual volcanoes such as Etna have sustained higher fluxes. To understand this paradox, we compare the geodynamic, petrologic, magma dynamical and shallow magmatic-hydrothermal processes that influence the sulfur transfer to the atmosphere. Results reinforce the idea that sulfur-rich eruptions reflect long-term accumulation of volatiles in the reservoirs. Indonesia is the country with the most active volcanoes, several of which are renowned for climate-changing eruptions. Here the authors show a rather moderate sulfur emissions budget and reinforce the idea that sulfur-rich eruptions reflect long-term accumulation of volatiles in the reservoirs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- VOLCANOES
ARCHIPELAGOES
MAGMAS
SULFUR
INVENTORIES
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20411723
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Nature Communications
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 157413130
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31043-7