Synthesis and Characterization of (1−x)Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3+xSrNiO3-δ Solid Solution System.

In this report, solid solutions of (1−x)Bi_1/2Na_1/2TiO₃+xSrNiO_3-δ materials were synthesized by a chemical method. X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering were used to study the structural properties of the (1−x)Bi_1/2Na_1/2TiO₃+xSrNiO_3-δ solid solutions. All studied samples had rhombohedral symmetry, where the Sr and Ni cations tended to randomly incorporate with the host Bi_1/2Na_1/2TiO₃ lattices during the formation of solid solutions. The random incorporation of Sr and Ni cations into the host lattices resulted in structural distortion and reduced the optical band gap from 3.04 eV for the pure Bi_1/2Na_1/2TiO₃ to 2.63 eV for the 9 mol.% SrNiO_3-δ-modified Bi_1/2Na_1/2TiO₃ sample. The complex magnetic properties of (1−x)Bi_1/2Na_1/2TiO₃+xSrNiO_3-δ system were investigated as a function of SrNiO_3-δ concentrations. We expected that our simple and flexible method could be used to integrate the ferromagnetic properties in current advanced functional lead-free materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]