Distributionally robust co‐optimization of the demand‐side resources and soft open points allocation for the high penetration of renewable energy.

The new technologies, such as soft open points (SOPs) and demand response (DR), offer original approaches to stabilize the system operation and accommodate the high penetration of distributed generators (DGs). However, the applied effects of these technologies are closely affected by the uncertainties of the consumer's willingness and the outputs of DGs. To solve the problems caused by the uncertainty of the resources in active distribution system, this paper proposes a distributionally robust co‐optimization model for the demand side resources and SOPs, which realizes the combination of investment economy and operation robustness. Next, using equivalent substitution and polyhedron linearization technique, this paper proposes the mathematical method which transforms the original non‐linear programming model into a mixed‐integer linear programming model, and obtains the solution to the distributionally robust model with column and constraint generation (CCG) algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified with the sample from a power distribution system in northern China. The result demonstrates that the co‐optimization model can realize complementary advantages of the demand side resources and SOPs, which can not only guarantee the economy of scheme, but also improve the accommodation of DGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]