A systematic review on bio-sequestration of carbon dioxide in bio-concrete systems: a future direction.

The paper reviewed the current perspectives on the development of carbon dioxide (CO₂) sequestration through its process conversion into calcite. The process occurs in either geological or biological systems. However, geological sequestration is an expensive process, which is slow in comparison to bio-sequestration. Recently, the bio-sequestration of atmospheric CO₂ into the soil using microorganisms such as algae has been investigated. However, the algae cannot be used in the bio-concrete due to their nature as phototrophic organisms. In contrast, bacteria are the most potent organisms in bio-concrete technology. The use of bacterial species in the bio-aerated concrete bricks (B-ACB) and its potential to bio-sequestrate CO₂ represents a future strategy to reduce high CO₂ pollution. Bacterial cells can capture CO₂ by accelerating the carbonation processes, which convert CO₂ into calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) via carbon anhydrase and urease enzymes. The present paper aimed to highlight and discuss the applicability of bacteria in the B-ACB for capturing and storing CO₂. It is evident from the literature that the new trends to use bio-concrete might contribute to the reduction of CO₂ by accelerating the carbonation process and strengthening the B-ACB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]