Perceptions and expectations of filial piety among older Chinese immigrants in Canada.

Much of the literature discusses filial piety in general and ambiguous terms. This study, in contrast, investigates specific perceptions of filial piety and parental expectations of filial duty among older Chinese immigrants in Canada. The study is based on thematic analysis of 46 Chinese immigrants in seven focus groups conducted in the Greater Toronto Area. Findings show the perceptions of filial piety varied, but almost all participants had reduced expectations of their children. Nevertheless, they still valued and expected emotional care from their children. The study argues that changes in institutional settings, social policies and welfare systems define parents' support needs and affect their expectations in the host society, while norms and institutional settings in the place of origin influence their perceptions of filial piety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]