S100B in cardiac surgery brain monitoring: friend or foe?

Conversely, hyperglycemia led to higher S100B levels, indicating insulin-resistance and stress hyperglycemia as enhancers of OHS brain injury in these patients [[124]]. In particular, there is evidence that: i) S100B binds to the RAGE V-domain, ii) the high extracellular Ca SP 2+ sp conditions might favor the formation of S100B multimers, and iii) S100B multimers cause RAGE dimerization or stabilization of preformed RAGE oligomers. S100B in infants and children OHS In Table 3 the main results of S100B I pros i and I cons i as a NB both in adults undergone to OHS and CPB are reported. Authors concluded that an early increase in S100B resulted from extra-cerebral contamination, while a late increase (after 24-48 h) of S100B correlated with brain damage [[118], [121]]. Keywords: brain injury; cardiac surgery; cardiopulmonary bypass; neurobiomarker; neuromonitoring; S100B EN brain injury cardiac surgery cardiopulmonary bypass neurobiomarker neuromonitoring S100B 317 331 15 02/07/22 20220201 NES 220201 Introduction Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are a heterogeneous entity characterized by anatomic malformations of the heart and/or great arteries occurring during intrauterine development [[1]]. [Extracted from the article]