Secure and efficient cooperative spectrum sensing under byzantine attack and imperfect reporting channel.

Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) has been considered as an essential paradigm of cognitive radio (CR) to provide ever-growing wireless applications with the available spectrum band. However, the following problems degrade the security and efficiency of CSS in cognitive radio networks (CRNs), such as, (i) the open facet of the CRN provides an opportunity for the Byzantine attacker to falsify the sensing information, (ii) imperfect reporting channels may distort the sensing information during the decision-making process, (iii) a large amount of sensing information transmission incurs communication overhead. Confronting these problems, we propose a secure and efficient CSS scheme, called generalized voting-sequential and differential reporting (GV-SDR) in this paper. For this aim, we first design a data transmission monitoring process in the periodic spectrum sensing frame structure to defend against Byzantine attack. Furthermore, we exploit the on/off signaling characteristic and propose a single signaling transmission method to mitigate the negative impact of the imperfect reporting channel. Moreover, based on the generalized voting (GV) rule, the sensing information fusion is carried out in the sequential and differential reporting (SDR) mechanism to improve the spectrum sensing efficiency. Simulation results show that in front of Byzantine attack and imperfect reporting channels, the proposed GV-SDR not only significantly reduces the sensing information required by the FC, but also provides the better detection performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]