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The synergistic copper/ppm Pd-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of alkynes with formic acid as a CO surrogate as well as a hydrogen source: an alternative indirect utilization of CO2.
- Source :
- Green Chemistry; 10/21/2021, Vol. 23 Issue 20, p8089-8095, 7p
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- An unprecedented strategy has been developed involving the earth-abundant Cu-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of alkynes with HCOOH to (E)-acrylic derivatives with high regio- and stereoselectivity via synergistic effects with ppm levels of a Pd catalyst. Both symmetrical and unsymmetrical alkynes bearing various functional groups were successfully hydrocarboxylated with HCOOH, and the modification of a pharmaceutical molecule exemplified the practicability of this process. This protocol employs HCOOH as both a CO surrogate and hydrogen donor with 100% atom economy and it can be viewed as an alternative approach for indirect CO<subscript>2</subscript> utilization. Mechanistic investigations indicate a Cu/ppm Pd cooperative catalysis mechanism via alkenylcopper species as potential intermediates formed from Cu-hydride active catalytic species with HCOOH as a hydrogen source. This bimetallic system involving inexpensive Cu and trace Pd provides a reliable and efficient hydrocarboxylation method to access industrially useful acrylic derivatives with HCOOH as a hydrogen source, and it provides novel clues for optimizing other Cu–H-related co-catalytic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- FORMIC acid
COPPER catalysts
ALKYNES
HYDROGEN
COPPER
FUNCTIONAL groups
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14639262
- Volume :
- 23
- Issue :
- 20
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Green Chemistry
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 153069021
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1039/d1gc02735b