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Improved first trimester maternal iodine status with preconception supplementation: The Women First Trial.
- Source :
- Maternal & Child Nutrition; Oct2021, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p1-12, 12p
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Maternal iodine (I) status is critical in embryonic and foetal development. We examined the effect of preconception iodine supplementation on maternal iodine status and on birth outcomes. Non‐pregnant women in Guatemala, India and Pakistan (n ~ 100 per arm per site) were randomized ≥ 3 months prior to conception to one of three intervention arms: a multimicronutrient‐fortified lipid‐based nutrient supplement containing 250‐μg I per day started immediately after randomization (Arm 1), the same supplement started at ~12 weeks gestation (Arm 2) and no intervention supplement (Arm 3). Urinary I (μg/L) to creatinine (mg/dl) ratios (I/Cr) were determined at 12 weeks for Arm 1 versus Arm 2 (before supplement started) and 34 weeks for all arms. Generalized linear models were used to assess the relationship of I/Cr with arm and with newborn anthropometry. At 12 weeks gestation, adjusted mean I/Cr (μg/g) for all sites combined was significantly higher for Arm 1 versus Arm 2: (203 [95% CI: 189, 217] vs. 163 [95% CI: 152, 175], p < 0.0001). Overall adjusted prevalence of I/Cr < 150 μg/g was also lower in Arm 1 versus Arm 2: 32% (95% CI: 26%, 38%) versus 43% (95% CI: 37%, 49%) (p = 0.0052). At 34 weeks, adjusted mean I/Cr for Arm 1 (235, 95% CI: 220, 252) and Arm 2 (254, 95% CI: 238, 272) did not differ significantly but were significantly higher than Arm 3 (200, 95% CI: 184, 218) (p < 0.0001). Nominally significant positive associations were observed between I/Cr at 12 weeks and birth length and head circumference z‐scores (p = 0.028 and p = 0.005, respectively). These findings support the importance of first trimester iodine status and suggest need for preconception supplementation beyond salt iodization alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- STATURE
SALT
CONFIDENCE intervals
FIRST trimester of pregnancy
ENRICHED foods
ANTHROPOMETRY
MULTIPLE regression analysis
HEALTH status indicators
GESTATIONAL age
PREGNANT women
DIETARY supplements
PREGNANCY outcomes
RANDOMIZED controlled trials
COMPARATIVE studies
MATERNAL age
RESEARCH funding
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
CEPHALOMETRY
CHI-squared test
STATISTICAL sampling
MICRONUTRIENTS
URINALYSIS
DATA analysis software
IODINE
PRECONCEPTION care
WOMEN'S health
LIPIDS
CREATININE
CALORIMETRY
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 17408695
- Volume :
- 17
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Maternal & Child Nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 152674576
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13204