Is the turtle still plodding along? Public management reform in Germany.

Public management reforms in Germany have long been characterized by slow-moving incrementalism and maintenance of its administrative system's central characteristics. This article reviews recent developments in administrative reforms against the background of the traditional German reform style. More ambitious reform efforts in the field of digitalization raise conceptual puzzles related to the conditions under which incrementalism can generate substantive change – and at what point incremental reforms give way to more rapid patterns of change. The article also discusses the implications of the ongoing COVID-19 crisis on public management reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]