Back to Search Start Over

Extracorporeal treatments for isoniazid poisoning: Systematic review and recommendations from the EXTRIP workgroup.

Authors :
Mowry, James B.
Shepherd, Greene
Hoffman, Robert S.
Lavergne, Valery
Gosselin, Sophie
Nolin, Thomas D.
Vijayan, Anitha
Kielstein, Jan T.
Roberts, Darren M.
Ghannoum, Marc
Alhatali, Badria
Anseeuw, Kurt
Bird, Steven
Berling, Ingrid
Bouchard, Josée
Bunchman, Timothy E.
Calello, Diane P.
Chin, Paul K.
Doi, Kent
Galvao, Tais
Source :
Pharmacotherapy; May2021, Vol. 41 Issue 5, p463-478, 16p
Publication Year :
2021

Abstract

Isoniazid toxicity from self‐poisoning or dosing errors remains common in regions of the world where tuberculosis is prevalent. Although the treatment of isoniazid poisoning is centered on supportive care and pyridoxine administration, extracorporeal treatments (ECTRs), such as hemodialysis, have been advocated to enhance elimination of isoniazid. No systematic reviews or evidence‐based recommendations currently exist on the benefit of ECTRs for isoniazid poisoning. The Extracorporeal Treatments in Poisoning (EXTRIP) workgroup systematically collected and rated the available evidence on the effect of and indications for ECTRs in cases of isoniazid poisoning. We conducted a systematic review of the literature, screened studies, extracted data on study characteristics, outcomes, and measurement characteristics, summarized findings, and formulated recommendations following published EXTRIP methods. Forty‐three studies (two animal studies, 34 patient reports or patient series, and seven pharmacokinetic studies) met inclusion criteria. Toxicokinetic or pharmacokinetic analysis was available for 60 patients, most treated with hemodialysis (n = 38). The workgroup assessed isoniazid as "Moderately Dialyzable" by hemodialysis for patients with normal kidney function (quality of evidence = C) and "Dialyzable" by hemodialysis for patients with impaired kidney function (quality of evidence = A). Clinical data for ECTR in isoniazid poisoning were available for 40 patients. Mortality of the cohort was 12.5%. Historical controls who received modern standard care including appropriately dosed pyridoxine generally had excellent outcomes. No benefit could be extrapolated from ECTR, although there was evidence of added costs and harms related to the double lumen catheter insertion, the extracorporeal procedure itself, and the extracorporeal removal of pyridoxine. The EXTRIP workgroup suggests against performing ECTR in addition to standard care (weak recommendation, very low quality of evidence) in patients with isoniazid poisoning. If standard dose pyridoxine cannot be administered, we suggest performing ECTR only in patients with seizures refractory to GABAA receptor agonists (weak recommendation, very low quality of evidence). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
02770008
Volume :
41
Issue :
5
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
Pharmacotherapy
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
150369497
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2519