Utilization of 3D printing in clinical medical physics.

3D printing is a method of semi-automated custom fabrication. The advantages of this technology for medical physics is apparent; objects can be constructed for specific clinical needs and constructed with moderate expertise. The cost of 3D printing is cheaper compared to other custom fabrication methods or purchasing from established vendors. Phantoms can be constructed for specific quality control tasks and radiation dosimetry measurements, including patient specific measurements. Beyond phantoms, 3D printing can be used for procedure devices in the form of radiation bolus, immobilization devices, surgical planning models, and rudimentary radiation detectors. Real clinical uses of 3D printing will be presented as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]