EVALUATION OF SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND THE EFFECT OF OXIDATIVE STREES DURING HEMODIALYSIS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RENAL DISEASE.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a form of kidney disease in which kidney function loss occurs progressively over months to years and develops with age. Based on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), five stages of chronic renal failure (CRF) and stage 5 are also referred to as End-stage renal disease (ESRD). Dialysis therapies replace some of these functions by removal of waste and removal of fluid. Urea, creatinine and uric acid are identify impaired renal function. Dyslipidemia is one of the mechanisms underlying this elevated cardiovascular risk. Uremic lipoprotein profile includes changes in triglyceriderich lipoproteins, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles and decreased High density lipoprotein (HDL). Enhanced oxidative stress and uremic environment can lipoprotein disorder. In patients with hemodialysis, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a highly common complication and the first cause of death. Procedure for hemodialysis contributes to inflammation and oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde has been used as a biomarker of oxidative stress in blood . Glutathione plays a crucial role in essential physiological processes, resulting in effects related to various pathophysiological diseases such as maintenance of redox balance redox, oxidative stress reduction. Low serum ferritin levels indicate reduced iron stores and multiple different diseases, including renal disease. High levels of sodium are a significant risk factor for hypertension and are also associated with an increased risk of heart and kidney disease. Low dialysate potassium concentrations to reduce serum potassium levels are associated with a high risk of sudden heart failure. Calcium imbalance increases the risk of vascular calcification and cardiovascular events. High levels of serum phosphorus are associated with negative cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in dialysis patients. Results from this study that in dialysis patients there are many risk factors for developing CVD, such as inflammation, oxidative stress and vascular calcification [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]