Effect of fumonisin B1 on oxidative stress and gene expression alteration of nutrient transporters in porcine intestinal cells.

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a common environmental mycotoxin produced by molds such as Fusarium verticillioides. The toxin poses health risks to domestic animals, including pigs, through FB1‐contaminanted feed. However, the cytotoxicity of FB1 to porcine intestines has not been fully analyzed. In the present study, the effects of FB1 on oxidative stress and nutrient transporter‐associated genes of the porcine intestinal IPEC‐J2 cells were explored. FB1 decreased IPEC‐J2 proliferation but did not trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction. Meanwhile, FB1 reduced the expression levels of the transporters l‐type amino acid transporter‐1 (y+LAT1), solute carrier family 7 member 1 (SLC7A1), solute carrier family 1 member 5 (ASCT2), and excitatory amino acid carrier 1 (EAAC1); in addition, FB1 reduced the levels of the fatty acid transporters long‐chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) and long‐chain fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) as well as glucose transporters Na+/glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2). FB1 stimulation increased the expression levels of peptide transporter peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) and metal ion transport‐related gene zinc transporter 1 (ZNT1). Moreover, metal ion transporter divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) expression was depressed by a higher dosage of FB1. The data indicate that FB1 results in aberrant expression of nutrient transporters in IPEC‐J2 cells, thereby exerting its toxicity even though it fails to exert ROS‐dependent oxidative stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]