Back to Search
Start Over
Misalignment Between Research Hypotheses and Statistical Hypotheses: A Threat to Evidence-Based Medicine?
- Source :
- Topoi: An International Review of Philosophy; Apr2021, Vol. 40 Issue 2, p307-318, 12p
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Evidence-based medicine frequently uses statistical hypothesis testing. In this paradigm, data can only disconfirm a research hypothesis' competitors: One tests the negation of a statistical hypothesis that is supposed to correspond to the research hypothesis. In practice, these hypotheses are often misaligned. For instance, directional research hypotheses are often paired with non-directional statistical hypotheses. Prima facie, one cannot gain proper evidence for one's research hypothesis employing a misaligned statistical hypothesis. This paper sheds lights on the nature of and the reasons for such misalignments and it provides a thorough analysis of whether they pose a threat to evidence-based medicine. The upshots are that the misalignments are often hidden for clinicians and that although some cases of misalignments can be partially counterbalanced, the overall threat is non-negligible. The counterbalances either lead to methodological inadequacy (in addition to the misalignment), loss of statistical power, or involve a (potential) lack of information that could be crucial for decision making. This result casts doubt on various findings of medical studies in addition to issues associated with under-powered studies or the replication crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 01677411
- Volume :
- 40
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Topoi: An International Review of Philosophy
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 149550829
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11245-019-09667-0