Chemical Fabrication Strategies for Achieving Bioinspired Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Micro and Nanostructures: A Review.

Biological surfaces in nature, such as lotus leaves, rose petals, and water striders, exhibit excellent superhydrophobicity. The fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces inspired by nature has become an important research topic. The potential application of superhydrophobic surfaces in many fields has promoted the rapid development of fabrication techniques. Various chemical methods, such as chemical vapor deposition techniques, solution immersion methods, electrochemical techniques, hydrothermal method, and sol–gel process, have been proposed for fabricating superhydrophobic surfaces due to their low cost, simple preparation, and easy promotion. Herein, the progress of chemical fabrication methods of superhydrophobic surfaces in recent years is focused on and the strengths and weaknesses of each technique are analyzed. At last, a brief conclusion of the challenges and perspectives on the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]