Dysregulation of microRNA expression in the skin during cutaneous adverse drug reactions.

Keywords: drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms; maculopapular exanthema; microRNAs EN drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms maculopapular exanthema microRNAs 3279 3283 5 12/03/20 20201201 NES 201201 Abbreviations cADR atopic dermatitis DRESS drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms HC healthy controls MiRNA microRNA MPE maculopapular exanthema PCA principal component analyses To the Editor, The diagnosis of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), is challenging due to its heterogeneous clinical presentation and complex natural course.1 It is therefore sometimes difficult, at an early stage, to differentiate between maculopapular exanthema (MPE) and DRESS due to overlapping clinical presentations.2,3 To better characterize cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs), several approaches have been proposed. Briefly, skin and blood samples were obtained from MPE (n = 6) patients, DRESS (n = 6) patients and HCs (n = 6). Overall, these 34 miRNA-based signatures correctly separated MPE and DRESS patients, except for 2 MPE patients (E2 and E4; Table 1) with herpes viral replication, who had skin miRNA expression profiles more similar to DRESS. Only blood miR-185-3p was significantly higher in MPE compared to HC samples (FC x1.5, adjusted I P i -value.03) (Appendix S3), and none of the blood miRNAs were differentially expressed between DRESS and HC patients, probably due to small sample size. [Extracted from the article]