Water-reuse concepts for industrial parks in water-stressed regions in South East Asia.

With regard to the water shortage in several regions of South East Asia, the paper focuses on the development of a sustainable Industrial WasteWater Management Concept with the focus on Reuse (brand name: IW2MC→R) to reduce water consumption from natural resources. The IW2MC→R includes the sustainable treatment of wastewater in industrial parks (IP) to provide reuse water for different purposes. The main objective is to reach the highest possible Industrial Park Reuse Factor (IPRF). The IPRF describes the relation between wastewater inflow to the central wastewater treatment plant and the outflow of reuse water for different applications. The Infrastructure Reuse Factor (IRF), one component of the IPRF, relates to infrastructural reuse applications (e.g. irrigation, street cleaning, toilet flushing). To determine the IRF, a model industrial park is applied. A first calculation resulting in an IRF of ∼25% includes reuse applications for irrigating green spaces, street cleaning, and toilet flushing. In cases when other applications for reuse water are considered (e.g. cooling or firefighting water), the IRF can be higher than 25%. Thus, the IW2MC→R provides a sustainable solution strategy, especially for water-stressed regions, to drive new IP developments by reducing water extraction from natural resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]