Aprovechamiento y subproductos.

A polyphenols‐rich extract was obtained from polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) winery residue, and its neuroprotective effects and ability to modulate the kinetics of type 2 diabetes‐relevant enzymes were characterized. The PVPP‐white wine extract is a mixture of polyphenols (840.08 ± 161.25 μg/mg, dry weight) dominated by proanthocyanidins and hydroxycinnamic acids, affording strong antioxidant activity, as detected by the protection of membrane lipids against oxidation and superoxide radical anion scavenging activity. Regarding type 2 diabetes framework, the extract inhibits α‐glucosidase (Ki = 166.9 μg/mL) and aldose reductase (Ki = 127.5 μg/mL) through non‐competitive mechanisms. Despite the modest ability to inhibit rat brain acetylcholinesterase, it protects neuronal SH‐SY5Y cells against oxidative damage promoted by glutamate, decreasing reactive oxygen species generation and preserving cell redox state. Thus, PVPP‐white wine extract has potential to support the development of functional foods and/or nutraceuticals aiming neuroprotection and glucose homeostasis regulation, with high relevance in Alzheimeŕs disease and type 2 diabetes interlink. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]