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Learning across the UK: a review of public health systems and policy approaches to early child development since political devolution.
- Source :
- Journal of Public Health; Jun2020, Vol. 42 Issue 2, p224-238, 15p
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Background Giving children the best start in life is critical for their future health and wellbeing. Political devolution in the UK provides a natural experiment to explore how public health systems contribute to children's early developmental outcomes across four countries. Method A systematic literature review and input from a stakeholder group was used to develop a public health systems framework. This framework then informed analysis of public health policy approaches to early child development. Results A total of 118 studies met the inclusion criteria. All national policies championed a 'prevention approach' to early child development. Political factors shaped divergence, with variation in national conceptualizations of child development ('preparing for life' versus 'preparing for school') and pre-school provision ('universal entitlement' or 'earned benefit'). Poverty and resourcing were identified as key system factors that influenced outcomes. Scotland and Wales have enacted distinctive legislation focusing on wider determinants. However, this is limited by the extent of devolved powers. Conclusion The systems framework clarifies policy complexity relating to early child development. The divergence of child development policies in the four countries and, particularly, the explicit recognition in Scottish and Welsh policy of wider determinants, creates scope for this topic to be a tracer area to compare UK public health systems longer term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- CHILD development
CONCEPTS
DECENTRALIZATION in management
GREY literature
HEALTH
PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems
LEADERSHIP
LEARNING
EVALUATION of medical care
HEALTH policy
MEDLINE
PRACTICAL politics
POVERTY
PUBLIC health
RESEARCH funding
SYSTEMATIC reviews
ORGANIZATIONAL structure
STAKEHOLDER analysis
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 17413842
- Volume :
- 42
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Public Health
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 143456326
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdz012