A Novel, Multi-Faceted Perception of Lactate in Neurology.

Keywords: lactate; neurology; traumatic brain injury (TBI); neurodegenerative disease; tuberculous meningitis (TBM) EN lactate neurology traumatic brain injury (TBI) neurodegenerative disease tuberculous meningitis (TBM) 1 5 5 05/21/20 20200515 NES 200515 Introduction Lactate has become one of the most re-evaluated metabolites in energy metabolism, particularly as a shuttle in neuroenergetics (Mason, [21]; Ferguson et al., [10]). New insights into lactate cellular compartmentation have been gained by measuring great variations in lactate diffusion properties I in vivo i (Ligneul et al., [17]), which show that intracellular lactate is predominantly present within astrocytes under control conditions, but comes to be predominate in neurons during "pure" astrocyte reactivity (in the absence of both neuronal death and microglial activation). Therapeutic Role of Lactate in Acute Brain Injuries The therapeutic role of lactate in acute brain injuries such as subarachnoid hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury (TBI) - identified by a high lactate/pyruvate ratio despite adequate brain glucose and oxygenation - was recently reviewed by Killen et al. ([14]). (2) Transcriptional analysis of gene expression modulation in neurons evoked by exposure to L-lactate indicated that lactate effectively regulates activity-dependent and synaptic genes and highlighted new signaling effects of lactate in plasticity and neuroprotection (Margineanu et al., [20]). [Extracted from the article]