Bacteriological profile and drug resistance patterns of blood culture Isolates: A five year audit from tertiary care hospital.

Objective: To identify the bacteriological profile of bloodstream infections and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Study Design: Descriptive observational study (Retrospective study). Place and Duration: Microbiology section, Dow University of Health Sciences from 2nd January, 2010 to 3rd January, 2015. Methodology: Blood culture reports were screened for the presence of bacterial growth. Then Frequency of different bacterial isolates along with their antibiotic resistance pattern was noted and analyzed. Results: During the study period, 13544 blood cultures were analyzed of which 18% were positive for growth. Among those 97% were bacterial isolates and only 2% were candida species. Among the Gram positive isolates, Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (20%) and Staphylococcus aureus (14%) were the commonest. Among the Gram-negative isolates, Salmonella species (18%) followed by Klebsiella species (15.7%) and E.coli (12.9%) and Pseudomonas species (7%). Staphylococcus aureus was found highly resistant to penicillin (95%), followed by erythromycin (68%), Co-trimoxazole (56%), Fusidic acid (54%) and Oxacillin (48%).Resistance was found to be on lower side against ciprofloxacin (38%), gentamicin (21%), chloramphenicol (13%) and Amikacin (6%).All isolates were sensitive to Linezolid. Salmonella species was resistant to ampicillin (54%) followed by Ciprofloxacin (44%), Cotrimoxazole (44%) and Chloramphenicol (44%). Conclusion: Both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria were responsible for blood stream infection. Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Meropenem and Amikacin were the most effective antibiotics against Gram negative bacteria while vancomycin and linezolid was most sensitive antibiotic against Gram positive bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]