Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor treatment could decrease chronic rhinosinusitis in diabetic patients.

Aim To evaluate the relationship between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i) treatment and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in diabetic patients. Methods We used the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database for this population-based and population-matched cohort design study. Chi-square and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to evaluate the association between categorical and continuous variables, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier method with the log-rank test was used to estimate the risk of CRS and DPP4i users. Results A total of 6198 diabetic patients were included in this cohort study. DPP4i users had a lower risk of developing CRS. The risk of CRS was significantly lower in women, patients with a Diabetes Complications Severity Index score higher than 4, patients with comorbidities, and patients with higher cumulative defined daily dose in the DPP4i group. Conclusion The results of our study demonstrate that the use of DPP4i treatment could decrease CRS risk in diabetic patients in Taiwan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]