In-flight calibration results of the TROPOMI payload on-board theSentinel-5 Precursor satellite.

After the launch of the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite on 13 October 2017 its single payload, the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), was commissioned during 6 months. In this time the instrument was tested and calibrated extensively. During this phase the geolocation calibration was validated using a dedicated measurement zoom mode. With the help of spacecraft manoeuvres the solar angle dependence of the irradiance radiometry was calibrated for both internal diffusers. This improved the results that were obtained on-ground significantly. Furthermore the orbital and long term stability was tested for electronic gains, offsets, non-linearity, the dark current and the output of the internal light sources. The CCD output gain of the UV, UVIS and NIR detectors shows drifts over time which can be corrected for in the L1b processor. In-flight measurements also revealed inconsistencies of the radiometric calibration and degradation of the UV spectrometer. Degradation is also detected for the internal solar diffusers. Since the start of the nominal operations (E2) phase in orbit 2818 on 30 April 2018, regularly scheduled calibration measurements on the eclipse side of the orbit are used for monitoring and updates to calibration key data. This article reports on the main results of the commissioning phase, the in-flight calibration and on the instrument's stability since launch. Insights from commissioning and in-flight monitoring led to updates to the Level 1b processor and its calibration key data. The updated processor is planned to be used for nominal processing from 2020 on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]