The Development of Private Universities in Socialist China.

The emergence of private higher education (PHE) in China has resulted from the increasing demand from the public for higher education, and the requirements of private businesses in the socialist market economy. This paper examines the development of the PHE in China since 1949, and in particular the commencement of the Opening-up and Reform Policy for the period 1978–2018. Drawing from national documents and transcripts of interviews with senior managers, the paper explores the challenges PHE currently faces and the policies which have addressed the challenges especially in the last 10 years. It is suggested to improve the role of the university constitution in governance practices of the university. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]