Clinimetric properties of the action research arm test for the assessment of arm activity in hemiparetic patients after stroke.

Background: The Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) has been extensively used for patients with stroke in many countries. However, the ARAT has been reported to have ceiling effects. Employing a time evaluation system could be expected to improve the ceiling effects in the ARAT. Objective: To investigate (1) the psychometric properties of the Japanese version of the ARAT in patients with stroke; (2) the psychometric properties of the performance timescale of the ARAT in patients with stroke. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, single-center study involving 30 patients with mild-to-severe hemiparesis was conducted. All patients were recruited from the college hospital in Japan from June 2016 to March 2017. The ARAT and the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, the Box-and-Block Test, and the Motor Activity Log were employed. The simultaneous/non-simultaneous inter-rater reliability/agreement, the internal consistency, the validity, and the floor/ceiling effects were assessed. Results: Regarding the ARAT score, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) ranged from 0.974 to 0.990 (P < 0.001) for non-simultaneous evaluation; and from 0.994 to 0.998 (P < 0.001) for simultaneous evaluation. Regarding the ARAT time, ICC was 0.992 (P < 0.001) for non-simultaneous evaluation; and 1.000 (P < 0.001) for simultaneous evaluation. Conclusions: The Japanese version of the ARAT is highly reliable and valid for measuring upper-extremity function in patients with stroke. Adding the performance timescale on the ARAT score scale can partially solve the "ceiling effect problem". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]