Characterization of the Biosynthetic Potential of the ß-proteobacterium Achromobacter xylosoxidans Strain ISP2-142-O-2-A Using Microbiological, Chemical, and Genomic Approaches.

This study characterized the biosynthetic potential of the bacterium Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain ISP2-142-O-2-A associated with the sponge Haliclona sp. nov. Chemistry- and bioactivityguided purification of extracts from A. xylosoxidans afforded three compounds (1-3). The nucleoside 5'-deoxyadenosine (Compound 1) showed significant HIV cytoprotection activity with no cytotoxic activity to normal mammalian cells. The alkylquinolines 2-heptylquinolin-4-ol (Compound 2) and 2-nonylquinolin-4-ol (Compound 3) showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and cytotoxicity to normal mammalian cells. This is the first report of Compounds 1-3 in A. xylosoxidans, and it is proposed that they have distinct roles for the bacterium to persist as a sponge-associated microorganism. Genomic analysis revealed the presence of 10 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), indicating the potential of A. xylosoxidans strain ISP2-142-O-2-A as a source organism for other classes of bioactive natural products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]