Integrated care pilots in England revisited.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the outcomes identified by the evaluation of the national programme of integrated care pilots (ICPs) in England in the context of wider policies designed to deliver integrated care and to consider the challenges presented to policy makers and evaluators in distilling usable insights to promote effective policy. Design/methodology/approach: This is a review of the ICP evaluation findings and the findings of a number of systematic reviews into aspects of integrated care. This paper shows the contextual analysis of these findings in relation to health policy in England. Findings: The evaluation of ICPs in 2012 produced mixed results with some potentially useful findings for policy makers. However, numerous integrated care initiatives succeeded the ICPs suggesting that insights from evaluation are of limited usefulness to policy makers or are difficult to implement. A shift in macro policy within the English NHS may support integrated care by aligning objectives of clinical teams with those of the wider systems within which they operate. Research limitations/implications: This review has not been based on a systematic review of the evidence on integrated care and reflects the personal experiences and views of the authors who have been active in this field of research for many years. Originality/value: This paper considers why evaluation findings appear limited in their impact on policy in the field of integrated care. Views as to how evaluation might be undertaken so that it generates actionable insights are advanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]