Unit roots or nonlinear stationarity in Turkish real exchange rates.

This paper tests if Turkish real exchange rates have a linear unit root or are generated by an Exponential Smooth Transition Autoregressive Model for the post-1980 period. Using two real exchange rates, one with the United States and the other with Germany, strong evidence of nonlinear stationarity was found for the U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI)-based series but no such evidence for the DM CPI-based series. When compared with earlier results in a previous paper where the alternative of the linear unit root test was stationarity with multiple shifts in the deterministic terms, it was found that similar results were obtained U.S. CPI-based series but not for the DM CPI-based series, possibly implying that the multiple shifts approach may be more appropriate for the Turkish series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]