Successful treatment of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome due to Group A streptococcus induced toxic shock syndrome in the third trimester of pregnancy‐effectiveness of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A case report.

We report a case of Group A streptococcal infection‐induced toxic shock syndrome (GAS‐TSS) with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), successfully treated with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V‐A ECMO). A 31‐year‐old woman was transferred due to high fever, continuous uterine contractions and fetal bradycardia at 31 weeks of gestation. She was in a shock status on arrival, and as fetal heart beat disappeared, we canceled the cesarean section and took priority in maternal rescue. At 21 h after the admission, pulseless ventricular tachycardia occurred, and V‐A ECMO was introduced after defibrillation, which dramatically improved her respiratory and circulatory conditions. On the 3rd day, GAS was isolated from blood culture. The patient was freed from V‐A ECMO on the 5th day and was discharged on the 25th day without permanent impairment. V‐A ECMO should be considered as an effective therapeutic option against ARDS and circulation failure in GAS‐TSS during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]