Titanium Extraction from Fly Ash by Carbochlorination.

In terms of secondary resource recovery and environmental impact, fly ash is attracting a great deal of attention in China. This study aimed to investigate the carbochlorination process of titanium oxide to recover titanium. The extraction kinetics mechanism of titanium oxide from fly ash was investigated at temperatures ranging from 850°C to 1050°C. The effect of various experimental parameters was studied. The reactants and reaction residues were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy and chemical analysis. The results show that the best extraction efficiency of 91.66% was obtained at a temperature of 1050°C, a coking coal content of 34.64 wt.%, a pellet diameter of 8 mm, an average gas flow of 0.35 L/min, and a time of 120 min. The carbochlorination reaction of titanium oxide is controlled by the chemical reaction. The apparent activation energy is approximately 44.45 kJ/mol between 800°C and 1050°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]