"Komuniti", sebagai Konsep dan Metod dalam Penyelidikan Sains Sosial: Tafsiran Sosiologikal.

"Concept" is a system of explanations of the reality of a human and natural phenomenon, which is the result of an empirical study. Concepts such as family, community and society are common usages in everyday life. The "community" can be viewed from two interrelated perspectives, first, perspective of the concept and second, perspective of the research method in order to understanding the society. The term "community" is frequently used in research, publishing, academic discourse, daily conversation and even it is mentioned in national policy documents. This proves that community functioning as a concept and method is very important in society. However, it meaning and function as concepts and methods are rarely discussed.This conceptual paper is discussing communities as concepts and methods. It's an interpretation of understanding in the community from a sociological perspective and empirical observations. It's argues that: i there are two categories of communities: the generic community and the specific community; ii) community solidarity usually based on family, blood relations, and ethnic equality; iii) communities are dynamic, always exposed to changes in economic sectors; information communication technology (ICT); modernity and urbanism; iv) the concept of the generic community and the specific community has been widely used in society as a system of information on various social phenomena such as development, poverty, and crime; v) generic communities and specific communities also function as research methods in social sciences, because both concepts contain micro-societal characteristics that can enhance the understanding on macro-community. Through the study's findings of particular social phenomena at both the generic and the specific community level, then researchers can understand the same social phenomena at the level of macro-society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]