INFLUENCE OF THE TILLAGE SYSTEM AND FOLIAR FERTILIZATIONS ON YIELD AND Fusarium EAR ROT MANIFESTATION IN MAIZE CROP IN THE TRANSILVANIA PLAIN.

In the concept of sustainable agriculture, there is no valid universal soil tillage system, and systems are applied in a differentiated way due to the ecological features and the characteristics of the cultivated plants. The purpose of this paper is to study the behavior of a maize hybrid under the influence of tillage systems and foliar fertilizers in terms of tolerance to specific diseases and pests as part of an integrated sustainable agriculture management. The experimental factors studied: soil tillage: a1- classical system with turning the furrow, a2- minimum tillage, chisel variant, a3- minimum tillage, disc harrow variant, a4- no tillage, sowing directly and foliar fertilizers: b1- control variant unfertilized; b2- Haifa 19:19:19 + Mg + ME (5 kg/ha); b3- Folimax Oleo 12-04-24 + 2.0% MgO + 36.5% SO3 + ME (1.5 kg/ha), b4- Folimax Gold 27% N + 1.5% MgO + 0.02% B + 0.2% Cu + 0.02% Fe + 1.0% Mn + 0.02% Mo + 0.02% Zn (3 l/ha). With vegetal remains left at the surface of the soil, conservative soil tillage systems that preserve at least 30% of the vegetal remains of the pre-plant increase the degree of attack of diseases and pests on maize crops having a negative effect on production and quality harvest. The highest maize yield was recorded in the classical tillage system (9566 kg/ha), with a very significant difference of 2192 kg/ha compared to the direct sowing system and 94 kg/ha, respectively 93 kg/ha in minimum tillage systems, and these yield differences are not statistically assured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]