The Effect of Culturally Endorsed Leadership Ideals on Nascent and Operating Social Entrepreneurship.

This study investigates the nature of the relationship between cultural leadership ideals and social entrepreneurship. Specifically, this study argues that culturally endorsed leadership ideals, such as humane-oriented and self-protective leadership, influence nascent and operating social entrepreneurship in different ways. Using a sample of 118,941 individuals across 27 countries, this study finds an inverted U-shaped relationship between the humane-oriented leadership ideal at the country level and the incidence of operating SE. In addition, this study finds that the self-protective leadership ideal at the country level has a negative linear relationship with the incidence of nascent SE and a U-shaped relationship with the incidence of operating SE. This study contributes to the social entrepreneurship literature by providing an empirical explanation of the dynamics of the effects of cultural leadership ideals on different phases of social entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]