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Improved adherence to Mediterranean Diet in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
- Source :
- European Journal of Nutrition; Sep2019, Vol. 58 Issue 6, p2271-2279, 9p, 2 Charts, 2 Graphs
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Purpose: We aimed to assess food intake and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in patients with T1D compared with nondiabetic individuals. Methods: This was an observational, multicenter study in 262 T1D subjects and 254 age- and sex-matched nondiabetic subjects. A validated food-frequency questionnaire was administered. The alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (aMED) and alternate Healthy Eating Index (aHEI) were assessed. The clinical variables were also collected. The analysis of data included comparisons between groups and multivariate models. Results: Compared to the controls, the patients with T1D had a higher intake of dairy products (p < 0.001), processed meat (p = 0.001), fatty fish (p = 0.009), fruits and vegetables (p < 0.001), nuts (p = 0.011), legumes (p < 0.001), potatoes (p = 0.045), and bread (p = 0.045), and a lower intake of seafood (p = 0.011), sweets (p < 0.001), and alcohol drinks (p = 0.025). This intake pattern resulted in a higher consumption of complex carbohydrates (p = 0.049), fiber (p < 0.001), protein (p < 0.001), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (p = 0.007), antioxidants (p < 0.001), vitamins (p < 0.001), and minerals (p < 0.001). The frequency of patients with T1D and low aMED score (23.2%) was lower than that of the controls (35.4%; p = 0.019). The overall multivariate analysis showed that, among other factors, being a T1D subject was associated with improved aMED and aHEI scores (p = 0.006 and p < 0.001). In patients with T1D, residing in a nonurban area was associated with improved aMED and aHEI scores (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001). Conclusions: Adult patients with T1D showed healthier dietary habits and a higher adherence to the Mediterranean Diet than nondiabetic subjects. Residing in a nonurban area is associated with an improved dietary pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- AGE distribution
ANTIOXIDANTS
BREAD
DAIRY products
PEOPLE with diabetes
ALCOHOL drinking
DIETARY fiber
FISHES
CARBOHYDRATE content of food
FAT content of food
FOOD habits
FRUIT
INGESTION
TYPE 1 diabetes
LEGUMES
MEAT
MEDICAL cooperation
MINERALS
MULTIVARIATE analysis
NUTS
SCIENTIFIC observation
OMEGA-3 fatty acids
PATIENT compliance
POTATOES
DIETARY proteins
QUESTIONNAIRES
RESEARCH
SEAFOOD
SEX distribution
VEGETABLES
VITAMINS
PSYCHOSOCIAL factors
MEDITERRANEAN diet
DIETARY sucrose
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14366207
- Volume :
- 58
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- European Journal of Nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 138011356
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1777-z